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                <text>Removed from: Report on the construction of a military road from Fort Walla-Walla to Fort Benton&lt;br&gt;Removed from: Letter of the Secretary of War, transmitting, In answer to a resolution of the Senate of the 6th instant, the report and maps of Captain John Mullan, United States Army, of his operations while engaged in the construction of a military road from Fort Walla-Walla, on the Columbia River, to Fort Benton, on the Missouri River. Washington : G.P.O., 1863. (Ex. Doc. / 37th Congress, 3d Session, Senate ; no. 43)</text>
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                <text>Removed from: Preliminary examination of Clallam Bay, Washington : Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary examination of Clallam Bay, Washington. Washington : G.P.O., 1895. (Ex. Doc. / 53d Congress, 3d Session, House ; no. 226)&lt;br&gt;Removed from: Executive documents of the House of Representatives for the third session of the fifty-third Congress, 1894-95</text>
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                <text>Removed from: Report on the construction of a military road from Fort Walla-Walla to Fort Benton&lt;br&gt;Removed from: Letter of the Secretary of War, transmitting, In answer to a resolution of the Senate of the 6th instant, the report and maps of Captain John Mullan, United States Army, of his operations while engaged in the construction of a military road from Fort Walla-Walla, on the Columbia River, to Fort Benton, on the Missouri River. Washington : G.P.O., 1863. (Ex. Doc. / 37th Congress, 3d Session, Senate ; no. 43)</text>
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                <text>1 map ; 56 x 71 cm.&lt;br&gt;Relief shown by hachures&lt;br&gt;"Sen.Ex.Doc. No.1. 37th Cong. 2nd Sess."&lt;br&gt;Shows progress of the township surveys in western Washington Territory. Indicates surveys executed, under contract, and proposed. Includes Indian reservations, prairies, trail and roads, and land claims of the Puget Sound Agricultural Company. Shows topography, hydrography, and forts&lt;br&gt;"Sheet no. 2"&lt;br&gt;Indexed in: CIS US serial set index, pt. 14, 1120 (37-2) S.exdoc. 1, map 4&lt;br&gt;Scale not given</text>
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                <text>Removed from: Message of the President of the United States to the two houses of Congress at the commencement of the second session of the thirty-seventh Congress. Washington : G.P.O., 1861. (Ex. Doc. / 37th Congress, 2d Session, Senate ; no. 1)</text>
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                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23828">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>WSU 17</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23831">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23833">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="99833">
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Trevor Bond (WSU)</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1847</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Mitchell, S. Augustus (Samuel Augustus), 1792-1868.</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: hand col., 42 x 35 cm.&lt;br&gt;The Oregon Treaty of 1846 between Great Britain and the United States settled the northern border dispute of the Pacific Northwest.  Under this agreement, the land--occupied jointly between the two countries since 1818--was split among them.  The U.S. won the territory stretching from the Rocky Mountains in the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west, and as far north as the 49th parallel.  In this map, published by S. Augustus Mitchell one year after the decision, the disputed land is hand colored in a pink wash.  The 49th parallel boundary line is washed in a blue hue, as well is Vancouver Island.  After 1846, Britain still held Vancouver Island, the Queen Charlotte Islands, and the mainland from 49th north to the 54'40 mark.  Vancouver Island and British Columbia would later join in territorial government, but chose confederation with the Dominion of Canada over annexation to the United States in 1871.&lt;br&gt;</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23845">
                <text>Washington (State)--Boundaries&lt;br&gt;Washington Territory&lt;br&gt;Oregon Territory&lt;br&gt;Oregon--Maps&lt;br&gt;California--Maps&lt;br&gt;Vancouver Island&lt;br&gt;British Columbia</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23846">
                <text>Maps</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23847">
                <text>Oregon Territory&lt;br&gt;California region&lt;br&gt;Vancouver Island</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23848">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23849">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23850">
                <text>WSU 93</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23851">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23852">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23853">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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      <file fileId="436">
        <src>http://irishinitiative.libraries.wsu.edu/files/original/httpcontentwsulibswsuedumapsimage70_5b31e4cf20.jpg</src>
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            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
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                <name>Bit Depth</name>
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                    <text>3</text>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="23878">
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23860">
                <text>Map of California, Oregon, Washington, Utah and New Mexico, (1853).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23861">
                <text>Thomas Cowperthwait &amp; Co.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23862">
                <text>1853</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23863">
                <text>Philadelphia : Thomas Cowperthwait &amp; Co., 1853</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 34 x 43 cm.&lt;br&gt;Granted permission to publish S. Augustus Mitchell's maps in 1850, the publishing house of Thomas Cowperthwait &amp; Co. published (as one of its first printings) a map of the newly formed State of California and the Oregon and Utah Territories.  In this map of 1853, the Oregon Territory has been recolored (some pink but mostly yellow) and marked to show the emergence of the newly formed Territory of Washington.  Note however, that Oregon's eastern border has still roams to the Rocky Mountain range.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Maps</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>California&lt;br&gt;Oregon&lt;br&gt;Washington (State)&lt;br&gt;Utah&lt;br&gt;New Mexico</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23868">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23869">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23870">
                <text>WSU 22</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23871">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23873">
                <text>English</text>
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                <text>[S. N.] : S. Augustus Mitchell, 1874</text>
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                <text>1 map: col., 38 x 30 cm.&lt;br&gt;This map, used at least as early as 1866 by Mitchell, shows the territorial borders of Washington (1853), Idaho (1863) and Montana (1864).  It also shows the boundaries of Oregon (granted Statehood in 1859). Of note are the border oddities: the State of Nevada is not recorded, and the San Juan Islands (whose ownership was resolved in 1872) are split between Great Britain and the United States.</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>Trevor Bond (WSU)</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Land claims near Steilaguamish River : Washington Territory, (1887)</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23946">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>WSU 14</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23951">
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>[Chicago] :  Rand McNally and Company, 1882</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 37 x 28 cm.&lt;br&gt;One of the leading map publishing companies of the 20th century, Rand McNally and Co. began in Chicago, 1865.  Under the partnership of William H. Rand and Andrew McNally (started in 1868), the company quickly grew from railroad timetable and ticket printer to publisher of fine railroad maps and atlases.  Two of their most famous publications are the "Pocket Maps"--first released in 1872 and the "Business Atlas", released under one name or another from 1876 to 1991.  In this map of Washington Territory, 1882, the county lines are delineated in pink.  The map was most likely mechanically colored, a technique that was brought to the company by one of its earliest employees--engraver Charles H. Waite.  He also brought with him the knowledge and use of wax engraving.  Rand McNally was one of the first to use the method. However, contemporary publishers such as the Mitchell Company and G.W. Colton continued to use lithography--preferring its quality.  Yet, wax engraving was cheaper and could be easily corrected.  It also could imprint typesetting--which greatly improved the look of busy / cluttered railroad maps, and so was the preferred choice of the map department at Rand McNally.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23963">
                <text>Washington (State)--Maps&lt;br&gt;Washington Territory&lt;br&gt;Waite, Charles H.</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23964">
                <text>Maps</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23965">
                <text>Washington (State)&lt;br&gt;Washington Territory</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23966">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23967">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23968">
                <text>WSU 12</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23969">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23970">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23971">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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      <file fileId="442">
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            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
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                <name>Bit Depth</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Early Washington Maps</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>Trevor Bond (WSU)</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23978">
                <text>Map of Washington and Oregon, (1886)</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1886</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 36 x 28&lt;br&gt;From "The People's Atlas."&lt;br&gt;This map shows the defined borders of Oregon state and the Territory of Washington.  Note the large county lines in the eastern half of both states.  Note also that the boundary of the Washington Territory now resembles what will become the state's boundaries in 1889.  This is due to the formation of a separate Idaho Territory in 1863.  The People's Atlas might be connected somehow to Rand McNally and Co., which published the "New Family Atlas of the World" in 1888 under the imprint of the People's Publishing Company of Chicago.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23981">
                <text>Washington (State)--Maps&lt;br&gt;Washington Territory&lt;br&gt;Oregon--Maps</text>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="23982">
                <text>Maps</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23983">
                <text>Washington (State)&lt;br&gt;Oregon</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23984">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23985">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>WSU 95</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23987">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23988">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="23989">
                <text>English</text>
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  <item itemId="1639" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="443">
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            <name>Omeka Image File</name>
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                <name>Bit Depth</name>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24004">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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                <text>WSU 19</text>
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                <text>[Chicago: Geo F. Cram, 1884]</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 34 x 29 cm.&lt;br&gt;"Population 174,768"&lt;br&gt;"Area, square Miles 94,560"&lt;br&gt;George F. Cram, a Union soldier who fought in Sherman's Army during the Civil War, returned home in 1867 to Evanston, Illinois to begin a map and atlas company with his uncle, Rufus Blanchard.  By 1875, Cram owned his own publishing company in Chicago and soon rose to success by using a wax engraving process (similar to that perfected by the Rand McNally Company, his greatest competitor).  Invented in 1834 by Richard Cary Morse and Henry A. Munson, the wax engraving process--also known as "cerography"--was not patented until 1848.  This allowed for many engravers to perfect their own version of the method.  Among them was the Rand McNally Co., which began printing maps in 1872, using a combination of Morse's wax process and electrotyping.&lt;br&gt;Invented in Russia, 1839 by a German named Jacobi, electrotyping took wax engraving one step further by coating the surface with a substance such as graphite (electrically conductive) and then submerging it all into an electrolytic bath and copper coating.  When ready, the wax was then removed and the copper plate became the template for printing.  While of less quality than lithography, it also cost less.  By the 1890s most American publishing houses used this wax process.&lt;br&gt;Cram retired in 1921, selling out to the National Map Company.  In 1928, the company returned to the Cram name and it has continued in business to this day.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Washington (State)--Boundaries&lt;br&gt;Oregon--Maps&lt;br&gt;Rand McNally Co.&lt;br&gt;Cerography&lt;br&gt;Electrotyping&lt;br&gt;Morse, Richard Cary&lt;br&gt;Munson, Henry A.</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Maps</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24024">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24025">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>WSU 15</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24027">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>English</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Mitchell, S. Augustus (Samuel Augustus), 1792-1868.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1866</text>
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                <text>[Philadelphia: Mitchell, S. Augustus]</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 28 x 22 cm.&lt;br&gt;When S. Augustus Mitchell retired around 1860, he left the business in charge of his competent son, S. Augustus Jr.  His son continued with his father's high standards, and while most American publishers were switching to the cheaper process of wax engraving, Mitchell retained the use of hand engravings transferred onto lithographic stone.  He also kept the tradition of hand colored washes for the maps.  In this map, the border of Washington territory is hand washed in red, Oregon state in blue, and the border of Idaho in green.  Note that Idaho's border now separates Washington territory into the region we recognize as its present, state shape.  Idaho was granted its own territorial status in 1863, three years prior to the release of this map.  This map apparently anticipates the formation of the Wyoming Territory, which was discussed under several possible names as early as 1865, but not finalized until 1868 (at which time the Idaho/Wyoming border was changed at the last minute).</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24044">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 ms. map: hand col., 21 x 27 cm. &lt;br&gt;William Parkhurst Winans worked from 1870 to 1872 as  Indian Sub-Agent for the tribes surrounding Fort Colville in Stevens County, Washington Territory.  This hand drawn map delineates the area and number of the tribes for which he was hired to serve.  Note the numbers written next to the tribe names. These numbers represent the population total for each of the tribes:  Methow (311), Okanogan (340), San Poels (538), Spokans (725), Colvills (631), Callispels (420), Lakes (230) and Coeur d' Alenes (154).  At the time this map was drawn, the total population of whites living in the Colville Valley area came to approximately less than 400, including women and children. &lt;br&gt; However, Winans and other Colville locals pressed President Grant to change the reservation boundary lines installed in 1871, citing the disturbance that would surely ensue should the whites be forced from their already improved claims.  Trusting the settler's testimonials, Grant unwittingly removed the Indians to desolate highlands on the opposite side of their Columbia River homelands and away from their ancestral fishery at Kettle Falls. The Department of Indian Affairs soon became aware of Winans' chicanery, and while the President did not reinstate the original reservation lands, Winans was replaced by Indian Agent John A. Simms in 1872.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24083">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24084">
                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>WSU 133</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24086">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="24087">
                <text>English</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>Is part of William Parkhurst Winans Papers, 1815-1917 http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu/holland/masc/finders/cg147.htm</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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                <text>S. Augustus Mitchell. Jr.</text>
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                <text>1867</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr.</text>
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                <text>1 map: col., 36 x 29 cm.&lt;br&gt;In 1831, S. Augustus Mitchell, a teacher from Connecticut, began a publishing firm in Philadelphia.  By 1845, Mitchell purchased the copyright to The New Universal Atlas, the product of one of the fathers of American mapmakers--Henry Shenck Tanner.&lt;br&gt;One of the first to employ the printing method of lithography, Mitchell was also one of the early users of a chromolithographed, decorative border.  When Mitchell retired from the business in 1860, his son, S. Augustus, Jr. took his place.  The company continued to prosper under his direction, and at its height employed over 250 workers and held 400,000 annual publications.&lt;br&gt;This map further refines previous maps: of immediate note is the much more defined border between Idaho and Montana.  This map seems to anticipate the formation of the Wyoming Territory.  Though discussed as early as 1865, it didn't come to pass until 1868, at which time the Idaho/Wyoming border was also rewritten at the last moment.</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>United States--Oregon&lt;br&gt;United States--Washington (State)&lt;br&gt;United States--Idaho&lt;br&gt;United States--Montana</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24103">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>WSU 11</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>1 map: col., 40 x 36 cm.&lt;br&gt;Plat map from the Whitman County city of Garfield Washington. &lt;br&gt;Scale 400'=1"&lt;br&gt;  Located eighteen miles northeast of Colfax, the town of Garfield was platted by landowner Samuel J. Tant in 1881.  The plat was filed and the town incorporated in 1887, and was named by Tant after President James A. Garfield.  Even before the plat was filed settlers began to build up the town.  In 1883 the Giles Brothers built the first store there.  One year later members constructed the Baptist Church.  The Columbia and Palouse Railroad built a line in the area in 1885-86, and were soon followed by the Northern Pacific Railroad.</text>
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                <text>1 map: col., 46 x 40 cm. &lt;br&gt;Plat map from the Whitman County city of Farmington.&lt;br&gt;Scale 400'=1"&lt;br&gt;In 1886, the Oregon and Washington Railway &amp; Navigation Co. built track running from Portland into eastern Washington.  The track ended at Farmington, named after Farmington, Minnesota, the hometown of plat filer George Washington Campbell Traux.  Arriving there with a few other pioneers in the early 1870s, Traux took advantage of the availability of cheap land, and had a survey done of eighty acres for town plats.  The town incorporated in 1888.  While stock raising was the first economy in the area, wheat growers soon took over, and sent their goods to nearby Almota to be shipped off to market.  Another local trade was found in forming shakes for roofs.  These hand crafted items were made from local cedar.&lt;br&gt;  In the early days (1870s)search parties were often formed to look for children who had gotten lost in the bunchgrass on their way to school!  However, by the 1890s the area was well on its way to development and a number of businesses could be found there, including a general store, blacksmith, livery stable, meat market, hotel, hardware, drugstore, creamery, brewery, flourmill, brick factory and even a planing mill.  By the 1890s the population reached over 1,000.  Yet this pace would not be maintained into the next decade.  The population took a steady decline following the transfer of the railroad line to Tekoa, Washington in the early 1900s.&lt;br&gt; Of historical note: a number of Chinese settlers also lived in Farmington.  Two full blocks on Washington Street was considered to be a Chinatown district.&lt;br&gt;Also during this time period, two fires changed look of the town's business sector.  The first fire came in 1897.  The second, in 1906, burned down the town hall where city records were kept.</text>
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                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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                <text>1 map: col., 44 x 30 cm.&lt;br&gt;Plat maps from the Whitman County cities of St. John, and Winona  scale 400'=1"&lt;br&gt;At Pleasant Valley Creek, eighteen miles northwest of Colfax, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Co. platted and filed the town in 1888.  The railway officials named the town for an early settler--Mr. Edward T. St. John. St. John donated much of the original town land, on the provision that the square block in the center of town would always be a park.&lt;br&gt;In 1888-89, the Oregon Railway Extension Co. built a line running into St. John.  This line later became a part of the Washington Division of the Pleasant Valley Branch, which in time was taken over by the Union Pacific.&lt;br&gt;Not much is known of the early development of Winona, except that the Washington and Idaho Railroad, a subsidiary of the Oregon Railway and Navigation Co. began the Pleasant Valley line to travel from Winona to Seltice by way of Thornton.  Winona was named after one of the surveyors' home town--Winona, Minnesota.  As stated above, Union Pacific bought out the O.R.&amp; N.Co.'s line, and by 1925 wanted to end the Pleasant Valley road.  However, UPRR did not receive government approval of the termination until the early 1930s.</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
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                <text>Is part of Plat Book of Whitman County Washington Compiled and Published from actual Surveys and the County Records by Anderson Map Company Seattle, Wash 1910</text>
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                <text>Plat maps of Thornton and Elberton, (1910)&lt;br&gt;Plat book of Whitman County, Washington compiled and published from actual surveys and the County records by Anderson Map Company</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Anderson Map Company.</text>
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                <text>Seattle, Wash. : Anderson Map Company</text>
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                <text>1 map: col., 44 x 35 cm. &lt;br&gt;Plat maps from the Whitman County cities of Thornton and Elberton.&lt;br&gt;Scale 400'=1"&lt;br&gt;Elberton, named after Elbert, the deceased son of plat filer Sylvester M. Wait in 1886, began as the site of a mill.  Located 12 miles northeast of Colfax, the Palouse River runs directly through the town.  Manuscripts, Archives and Special Collections at WSU has the manuscript history of the town and one of it's earliest settlers, Mr. John Weber Leid.  Sites shown on this map are discussed in Leid's manuscript, including the Oregon, Washington Railway and Navigation Depot (O.W.R.&amp; N.) built in 1888, the post office, run by Mr. Joe McCoy, and the two room school house.  The school, built in 1890, soon had an addition of two more rooms, but with the economic success that came with the railroad, the town grew so fast that a store was rented downtown for classrooms.&lt;br&gt;Elberton's main economy was the saw mill, but there was also a flour mill, which is shown on this map.  Another interesting business in town was the Oregon Evaporated Co. owned by W. Allen Newberry.  Begun in 1902, the company owned the distinction of being the largest prune dehydrator in the world. &lt;br&gt;            Thornton, begun around the same time, was a stop on the "Pleasant Valley Line" of the Washington &amp; Idaho Railroad, a subsidiary of the Oregon Railway &amp; Navigation Co.  The Pleasant Valley Line ran from Winona to Seltice--stopping in Thornton.</text>
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                <text>United States--Washington (State)--Whitman County--Thornton&lt;br&gt;United States--Washington (State)--Whitman County--Elberton</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24312">
                <text>Contact Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, for copyright information 509 335-6691</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections, WSU Libraries</text>
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                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Is part of Plat Book of Whitman County Washington Compiled and Published from actual Surveys and the County Records by Anderson Map Company Seattle, Wash 1910</text>
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